The configuration of chromatin and its relationship with other proteins influences gene expression. Chromatin structure is modified through epigenetic regulators that affect DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNA segments. Each class of epigenetic regulators alters chromatin configuration and affects the expression of genes in different ways. Therefore, studies of epigenetic modulations are critical for our understanding of regulatory gene mechanisms at the molecular, cellular, and organ levels. Or, in a broader sense, the coordinated actions of epigenetic regulators determine cell cycle regulation, cell death, and outcomes in health and disease